Maelgwn Gwynedd
The dragon of the islandDraig yr ynysKing of Gwynedd and the most powerful ruler in sixth-century Britain, with his court at Deganwy.Brenin Gwynedd a rheolwr mwyaf grymus Prydain yn y chweched ganrif, gyda’i lys yn Negannwy.
History of WalesHanes Cymru / Ancient WalesCymru Hynafol
fl. 1st century
CaratacusCaradog
Led British resistance to Rome alongside the Silures and Ordovices. Captured and taken to Rome, he won his freedom with a famous speech.Arweiniodd y gwrthwynebiad i Rufain gyda’r Silwriaid a’r Ordofigiaid. Ar ôl ei ddal a’i gludo i Rufain, enillodd ei ryddid ag araith enwog.
Caratacus was a prince of the Catuvellauni, a tribe of south-east Britain. When Rome invaded in 43 AD he fled west and led the Silures of south Wales and the Ordovices of mid Wales in a long guerrilla war.
Defeated in battle around 51 AD, he sought refuge with Cartimandua, queen of the Brigantes, who handed him to the Romans. Paraded in Rome, he spoke so boldly before the Emperor Claudius that he and his family were spared. Welsh tradition remembers him as Caradog.
Tywysog o lwyth y Catuvellauni yn ne-ddwyrain Prydain oedd Caradog. Pan ymosododd Rhufain yn 43 OC ffodd i’r gorllewin, gan arwain Silwriaid y de a’r Ordofigiaid yng nghanolbarth Cymru mewn rhyfel herwfilwrol hir.
Ar ôl colli brwydr tua 51 OC, ceisiodd loches gyda Cartimandua, brenhines y Brigantes, ond fe’i trosglwyddodd hi ef i’r Rhufeiniaid. Yn Rhufain siaradodd mor eofn gerbron yr Ymerawdwr Claudius nes iddo ef a’i deulu gael eu harbed.
On the timelineAr y llinell amser
Caratacus’s last standBrwydr olaf Caradog
The British war leader, fighting with the Silures and Ordovices, is defeated by Rome and later betrayed.Mae’r arweinydd Brythonig, yn ymladd gyda’r Silwriaid a’r Ordofigiaid, yn cael ei drechu gan Rufain ac yna’n cael ei fradychu.
Also in this ageHefyd yn yr oes hon
Illtud
Teacher of saintsAthro’r seintiauFounded a monastery and school at Llanilltud Fawr in the Vale of Glamorgan, said to be the first great centre of learning in Britain.Sefydlodd fynachlog ac ysgol yn Llanilltud Fawr ym Mro Morgannwg, y dywedir mai hi oedd canolfan ddysg fawr gyntaf Prydain.
Saint DavidDewi Sant
Patron saint of WalesNawddsant CymruFounder of the monastery at St Davids. His last words are remembered as ‘Gwnewch y pethau bychain’: do the little things.Sefydlydd y fynachlog yn Nhyddewi. Cofir ei eiriau olaf: ‘Gwnewch y pethau bychain’.
Taliesin
Chief of bardsPen beirddCourt poet to Urien of Rheged, honoured for centuries as the greatest of the early bards.Bardd llys Urien Rheged, a anrhydeddwyd am ganrifoedd fel y mwyaf o’r Cynfeirdd.