History of WalesHanes Cymru / Tudors to IndustryY Tuduriaid a Diwydiant
1808–1831
Hanged after the Merthyr Rising for a crime many believed he did not commit.Crogwyd ar ôl Gwrthryfel Merthyr am drosedd y credai llawer na wnaeth ei chyflawni.
Richard Lewis, known as Dic Penderyn, was a 23-year-old labourer in Merthyr when the town rose in June 1831. He was accused of wounding a soldier, Donald Black, outside the Castle Inn.
Despite thin evidence and a petition for mercy, he was hanged at Cardiff on 13 August 1831, crying ‘O Arglwydd, dyma gamwedd’, Lord, here is injustice. Years later another man was said to have confessed. He is remembered as a working-class martyr.
Labrwr 23 oed ym Merthyr oedd Richard Lewis, Dic Penderyn, pan gododd y dref ym mis Mehefin 1831. Cyhuddwyd ef o glwyfo milwr, Donald Black, y tu allan i’r Castle Inn.
Er gwaethaf tystiolaeth wan a deiseb am drugaredd, fe’i crogwyd yng Nghaerdydd ar 13 Awst 1831, gan weiddi ‘O Arglwydd, dyma gamwedd’. Cofir amdano fel merthyr y dosbarth gweithiol.
Workers seize Merthyr and raise the red flag. Dic Penderyn is hanged in Cardiff.Mae gweithwyr yn cipio Merthyr ac yn codi’r faner goch. Crogir Dic Penderyn yng Nghaerdydd.
Born at Pembroke Castle, he landed in Wales in 1485, won at Bosworth and founded the Tudor dynasty.Fe’i ganed yng Nghastell Penfro. Glaniodd yng Nghymru yn 1485, enillodd ym Mosworth a sefydlu llinach y Tuduriaid.
Translated the full Bible into Welsh in 1588. His prose became the standard for written Welsh.Cyfieithodd y Beibl cyfan i’r Gymraeg yn 1588. Daeth ei ryddiaith yn safon i’r Gymraeg ysgrifenedig.
Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, who travelled the Celtic lands and showed that their languages were related.Ceidwad Amgueddfa’r Ashmolean, a deithiodd y gwledydd Celtaidd a dangos bod eu hieithoedd yn perthyn.
His circulating schools taught a large share of the Welsh people to read, in Welsh.Dysgodd ei ysgolion cylchynol gyfran helaeth o bobl Cymru i ddarllen, a hynny yn Gymraeg.